The escalating water crisis in Bali demands immediate and effective solutions, particularly within the construction sector. As the island faces a critical shortage, understanding and implementing sustainable water management practices is no longer optional, but a necessity for responsible building. This article explores how absorption wells, also known as soak pits or “resapan”, can significantly contribute to replenishing the island’s precious water table.

The Looming Water Crisis in Bali

Bali is experiencing a severe water shortage due to a combination of factors:

• Excessive water extraction: The rate at which water is being pumped out of the ground far surpasses its replenishment rate.
• Increased demand from tourism: The rapid expansion of hotels, each consuming substantial amounts of water, exacerbates the problem.
• Inefficient drainage systems: Improved drainage diverts rainwater directly to the sea, preventing it from naturally replenishing the water table.
• Sewerage systems: While beneficial for hygiene, sewerage systems also contribute to the problem by directing wastewater away from the ground.

The consequences are dire, including:

• Seawater intrusion: As groundwater levels drop, seawater contaminates the water table, leading to irreversible damage.
• Infrastructure damage: Saltwater intrusion causes corrosion of steel tanks and pipes, along with structural issues in buildings due to rising damp.

Absorption Wells: A Solution for Water Replenishment

Absorption wells are essentially reverse wells, designed to channel water back into the ground. These simple yet effective structures are crucial for sustainable water management.

How They Work:

• Absorption wells are holes in the ground designed to collect water, such as rainwater runoff.
• The collected water then seeps into the ground, replenishing the water table.
• This process helps to counteract the excessive removal of water and prevents saltwater contamination.

Key Considerations for Implementing Absorption Wells:

• Rainwater Harvesting: Prioritize directing rainwater from roofs and paved areas into absorption wells.
• No Sewage: Never direct unprocessed sewage into an absorption well; sewage must be managed by a septic tank or the government sewer system.
• Location: Identify appropriate locations for absorption wells, ensuring they are placed to effectively capture runoff and are far from any source of contamination.
• Proper Construction: Adhere to proper engineering and construction techniques to ensure the well’s effectiveness and longevity.

The Benefits of Using Absorption Wells

• Replenish Groundwater: Allowing rainwater to seep back into the ground is a highly effective method to combat the effects of water overuse and maintain the water table.
• Reduce Water Runoff: Absorption wells help to mitigate the effects of storm water runoff and reduce flooding by guiding water into the ground rather than allowing it to surge into local drainage systems.
• Prevent Seawater Contamination: By replenishing the fresh water table, absorption wells help to prevent saltwater intrusion and the resulting damage to buildings and infrastructure.
• Cost-Effective and Sustainable: Compared to expensive technologies like desalination, absorption wells offer a cost-effective and sustainable method of water management.

A Call to Action for Construction Professionals

For those in the construction industry, implementing absorption wells is a critical step toward sustainable building practices. By integrating these systems into new and renovated properties, we can contribute to the preservation of Bali’s precious water resources. It’s crucial that construction professionals are educated and trained on effective building practices to protect the water table. By designing infrastructure that recharges the island’s ground water, we safeguard both the environment and the communities that call Bali home.

Further Steps for Water Conservation:

• Reduce Water Consumption: Implement water-saving fixtures and practices in buildings.
• Tree Planting: Encourage the planting of trees to improve the ground’s ability to absorb and retain moisture.
• Water Usage Calculators: Use tools to measure water consumption and find ways to reduce usage.

By embracing these steps, the construction industry in Bali can become a force for positive change, working toward a sustainable future for the island.