Are you considering installing a water tank for your Bali home? It’s a crucial decision, especially given the variable nature of water supply and the increasing demand on resources. Whether you’re dealing with inconsistent government water pressure or relying on a well or bore, a water tank can offer significant advantages. Let’s delve into the world of water tanks and explore what you need to know.

Why Install a Water Tank?

Many of us take our water supply for granted until we face problems. However, relying solely on a direct water pump system has some limitations. Here’s why a water tank is a valuable addition to your property:

• Consistent Water Supply: A water tank acts as a buffer, protecting your domestic water needs from unreliable water sources.
• Reliable Pressure: A tank ensures a consistent water pressure, unaffected by the whims of pumps or the electric company.
• Water During Power Outages: A crucial benefit is having water even during power cuts, ensuring you aren’t left high and dry.

While modern automatic water pumps are convenient, they have two fundamental flaws. Firstly, the shower experience can be inconsistent if the pump isn’t set correctly or is oversized. Secondly, if the power goes out, you’ll be left without water. A water tank eliminates these issues, providing a reliable backup system.

Types of Water Tanks

When choosing a water tank, you’ll encounter three common materials: concrete, plastic, and stainless steel. Each has its pros and cons:

Concrete Tanks

• Traditional Choice: Older homes in Bali often feature concrete tanks, usually constructed as a box supported by columns. These tanks are known for their reliability and infrequent leaks.
• Modern Use: Concrete is now often used for underground water storage tanks.
• Potential Issues: Concrete tanks can crack if not built correctly, or if the steel reinforcement within rusts.

Plastic Tanks

• Lightweight and Affordable: Plastic tanks are a popular choice due to their ease of installation and lower cost.
• Vulnerability to Sunlight: However, they are susceptible to damage from sunlight. Ultraviolet (UV) rays can break down the plastic, leading to weakening, cracks, and fading.
• Algae Growth: Plastic allows light to enter, promoting the growth of algae that can dirty the water.

Stainless Steel Tanks

• Ideal Material: Stainless steel is often considered the best material for water tanks due to its durability.
• Quality Concerns: However, many stainless steel tanks are made from low-grade 304 stainless steel, which is not as rust-resistant as marine-grade 316 steel.
• Rust Potential: Depending on the water’s chemical balance, a 304 stainless steel tank can rust through quickly.

Choosing the Right Size

The standard size for most homes is between 750 and 1,000 liters, which is roughly a metric ton in weight. Smaller households with 1-2 people can manage with a 500-liter tank. If you have more than three bathrooms, consider a second tank, especially if you frequently have guests.

Tank Height and Water Pressure

The height of the water surface in the tank above your showerhead is the key factor determining water pressure. A 10-meter height difference increases water pressure by 1 atmosphere (14.7 psi). In Bali, building height restrictions limit theoretical water pressure from a tank to around 19 psi.

If you need more pressure, you will need a pump after the tank to boost the water pressure, typically to 20-40 psi.

Water Flow and Showerheads

Many people are using “rain effect” showerheads, which require a higher water flow. Make sure your pipework is large enough to carry the water you need. It is advisable to install a pressure pump if you are running a rain effect showerhead. Additionally, be mindful of water consumption.

Keeping Your Tank Clean

Dirty water or sunlight can cause tanks to become contaminated. Algae growth is common, similar to a green swimming pool, if sunlight enters. Here’s how to maintain a clean tank:

• Regular Draining: Ensure you can drain the tank for cleaning without emptying through your shower.
• Constant Water Turnover: The best way to keep the water clean is by using it regularly, ensuring constant water turnover.
• Concrete Tank Protection: Place a piece of Kalsiboard (cement-based fiberboard) across the top of concrete tanks. This prevents sunlight penetration and keeps birds from contaminating the water.
• Plastic or Steel Tank Covers: Make sure plastic or stainless steel tanks are properly covered.

Additional Tips

• Paint Plastic Tanks: Paint your plastic tanks to reduce sunlight penetration, prevent algae growth, and extend its life. Any water-based emulsion paint is suitable.

By considering these points, you’ll be well-prepared to make the right decision about installing a water tank for your home.